Engineering Guides & Tutorials
Practical guides on pipe flow calculations, friction factors, and fluid mechanics. Written for engineers and students.
How to Read the Moody Chart: A Step-by-Step Guide
Learn how to read the Moody Chart and find the Darcy friction factor for any pipe flow condition. Step-by-step guide with examples, flow regime explanations, and worked calculations.
Reynolds Number Explained: Laminar vs Turbulent Flow
Learn what Reynolds number is, how to calculate it, and what laminar vs turbulent flow means for your pipe design. Includes worked examples and a reference table for common fluids.
Pipe Roughness & Relative Roughness: What Engineers Need to Know
A complete guide to pipe roughness for engineers. Covers absolute roughness values for every common pipe material, how to calculate relative roughness, how aging affects roughness, and how it all connects to friction factor and pressure drop.
Colebrook-White vs Swamee-Jain: Which Friction Factor Formula Should You Use?
Colebrook-White is exact but implicit. Swamee-Jain is explicit but approximate. This guide breaks down both equations, when each one is accurate enough, and which to use for your pipe flow calculation.
Darcy-Weisbach vs Hazen-Williams: Comparing Pipe Flow Methods
Darcy-Weisbach works for any fluid in any flow condition. Hazen-Williams only works for water at moderate velocities. This guide compares both methods, shows where each one applies, and walks through side-by-side calculations.
Moody Chart in Real-World Engineering: HVAC, Water Supply & Oil Pipelines
How engineers apply the Moody Chart and friction factor in real projects. Covers HVAC pipe and duct sizing, municipal water distribution, oil and gas pipelines, and pump selection — with worked examples from each field.